Arduino DC Voltage Sensor Module (0-25V) for DIY

Precision DC Voltage Sensor Module (0-25V) for Arduino, ESP32, and DIY Electronics Projects

Unlock the full potential of your microcontroller projects with the DC Voltage Sensor Module, a fundamental component for any electronics enthusiast, student, or DIY builder in Bangladesh. Often, microcontrollers like the popular Arduino Uno can only read small voltages (0-5V). This creates a challenge when you need to measure higher voltages from sources like batteries, power supplies, or solar panels. This module, available from Bigyan Project, is the perfect plug-and-play solution. It is expertly designed based on the resistive voltage divider principle, safely scaling down a DC input voltage of up to 25V by a factor of five. This brings the voltage into the safe analog reading range of your microcontroller's ADC (Analog-to-Digital Converter), allowing you to incorporate real-world voltage data into your projects with ease and precision. It's an indispensable tool for moving beyond basic digital projects into the fascinating world of analog electronics.

Product Specifications

Features

• Wide Measurement Range: Accurately measures DC voltages from 0V up to 25V, covering most hobbyist and DIY project needs.
• Simple Interface: Requires only three connections (VCC, GND, Signal), making it extremely easy to integrate into any project.
• High Stability: Uses precision resistors to ensure stable and reliable voltage division for consistent readings.
• Microcontroller Friendly: Safely converts higher voltages to a 0-5V or 0-3.3V range, protecting your valuable microcontroller's ADC pins.
• Compact and Lightweight: Its small footprint allows it to be used in space-constrained projects without adding bulk.
• Low Power Consumption: Ideal for battery-powered applications where power efficiency is critical.

Applications and Use Cases

This versatile module from বিজ্ঞান প্রজেক্ট can be the core of countless projects, including:

• Battery Level Monitoring: Check the charge status of Li-ion, 18650, LiPo, or even 12V lead-acid batteries.
• DIY Digital Voltmeter: Combine it with an Arduino and an LCD or OLED screen to build your own custom voltmeter.
• Power Supply Monitoring: Monitor the output of your DC power supplies to ensure they are providing a stable voltage.
• Solar Panel Projects: Track the voltage output of a small solar panel to measure its performance.
• Automotive Electronics: Check the status of a car's 12V battery system (when the engine is off).
• Overvoltage Protection Systems: Program your microcontroller to trigger an alarm or disconnect a circuit if the voltage exceeds a certain threshold.

User Guide and How to Use

Getting started with the Voltage Sensor Module is straightforward. Follow these steps:

1. Connections: Connect the module to your Arduino or microcontroller.
   • Connect the '-' pin to your Arduino's GND.
   • Connect the '+' pin to your Arduino's 5V.
   • Connect the 'S' pin to one of your Arduino's Analog pins (e.g., A0).
   • Connect the voltage source you want to measure to the screw terminals (VCC and GND). Be sure to connect positive to VCC and negative to GND.
2. The Code: The module divides the voltage by 5. To get the original voltage, you must read the analog value and multiply it by 5. Upload the following example code to your Arduino IDE.

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // Read the analog value from the sensor (connected to A0)
  int adc_value = analogRead(A0);

  // Convert the analog value (0-1023) to a voltage (0-5V)
  float adc_voltage = (adc_value / 1023.0) * 5.0;

  // The sensor divides the input voltage by 5, so we multiply by 5 to get the real voltage.
  float input_voltage = adc_voltage * 5.0;

  Serial.print("Input Voltage: ");
  Serial.print(input_voltage);
  Serial.println(" V");
  
  delay(1000); // Wait for a second before the next reading
}

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

• Q: Can I use this module to measure AC voltage?
  A: No, this module is designed for measuring DC voltage only. Connecting it to an AC source will damage the module and potentially your microcontroller.
• Q: What happens if I connect a voltage higher than 25V?
  A: Exceeding the 25V limit can permanently damage the sensor module. It will also send a voltage higher than 5V to your microcontroller, which can destroy its analog pin.
• Q: Why is my reading slightly inaccurate?
  A: The accuracy depends on the precision of the 5V supply from your Arduino and the resistors on the module. For higher accuracy, you can measure your Arduino's 5V pin with a multimeter and use that exact value in your code instead of '5.0'.
• Q: Can I use this with an ESP32 or Raspberry Pi?
  A: Yes, but you must be careful. These are 3.3V devices. You should power the module with 3.3V and remember that the maximum input voltage is reduced to 16.5V (3.3V * 5).

Challenges and Considerations

• This module is non-isolated, meaning the ground of the measured source is connected to the microcontroller's ground.
• Accuracy is sufficient for most hobby projects but may not be suitable for high-precision scientific measurements without calibration.
• The input impedance can slightly affect the circuit being measured, which is a consideration for very high-impedance circuits.

Compatibility

• Arduino Boards: Uno, Nano, Mega, Pro Mini, and all other variants with analog input pins.
• ESP Boards: ESP32, ESP8266 (requires careful handling of 3.3V logic and voltage limits).
• STM32 Boards: Fully compatible with the STM32 family of microcontrollers.
• Raspberry Pi: Requires an external ADC (like the MCP3008) as the Raspberry Pi does not have built-in analog pins.
• Any other microcontroller that has an accessible Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) pin.

Future Enhancement Options

• Integrate an OLED or LCD screen to create a standalone, portable voltmeter.
• Use an ESP32 or ESP8266 to send voltage data over Wi-Fi for remote monitoring or IoT applications.
• Combine with a current sensor to build a complete power monitoring system.
• Log voltage data over time to an SD card to track battery discharge curves.

Benefits

• Simplifies Projects: Eliminates the need to design and build your own voltage divider circuit.
• Protects Hardware: Prevents damage to your microcontroller from overvoltage on analog pins.
• Enables New Possibilities: Allows you to create a wide range of projects that interact with real-world analog signals.
• Great for Learning: An excellent, hands-on tool for learning about analog inputs, ADCs, and voltage dividers.
• Affordable and Reliable: A cost-effective solution for adding voltage measurement capabilities to your toolkit, sourced by Bigyan Project for quality.

Conclusion

The DC Voltage Sensor Module is more than just a component; it's a gateway to more advanced and practical electronic projects. Its simplicity, reliability, and wide range of applications make it an essential item in every hobbyist's toolbox. Whether you're building a battery monitor, a custom power supply, or simply learning about analog electronics, this module provides the functionality you need. Order yours from Bigyan Project today and take the next step in your electronics journey.

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